Anti-Müllerian Hormone Enhances Migration and Invasion in Human Trophoblast Cells.

Objective: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) belongs to the transforming growth factor-β superfamily. Recent evidence shows that AMH and its type II receptor (AMHRII) are expressed by the placenta at term. The physiological role of AMH in trophoblast invasion and migration remains to be elucidated.

Methods: Immunofluorescence and western blot were used to detect the expression of AMH and AMHRII in trophoblast cell lines and chorionic-decidual mixture from early pregnancies. experiments, including siRNA transfection, transwell and wound healing assays were further performed to study the function of AMH in trophoblast cell line.

Results: AMH and AMHR2 are mainly expressed in the interstitial trophoblast (ITB) in human chorionic-decidual mixture of early pregnancy. We found that knocking down AMH resulted in decreased migration ability of trophoblast cells compared to the control group.

Conclusion: It is shown that AMH enhances trophoblast's invasion and migration abilities. AMH may play a role in embryo implantation and placenta formation.