Foramen ovale plays a key role in foetal circulation, however it may remain patent after birth throughout the life. Its patency is so frequent in healthy people (27-35%), such as to be considered a variant of normal. It is at risk of complications, like paradoxical embolism by right to left shunt with stroke, migraine, temporary blindness, as well as aneurysm, thrombosis and endocarditis of the fossa ovalis. There is no doubt that it should be considered a congenital heart disease at all effects. Invasive cardiology closure with umbrella and even with stiches is nowadays feasible and indicated in specific clinical scenarios. Further research is needed to determine whether cardiac echo-doppler screening for identifing affected patients as a primary prevention measure is advisable.
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Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua Medical School, Padova, Italy. Electronic address:
Foramen ovale plays a key role in foetal circulation, however it may remain patent after birth throughout the life. Its patency is so frequent in healthy people (27-35%), such as to be considered a variant of normal. It is at risk of complications, like paradoxical embolism by right to left shunt with stroke, migraine, temporary blindness, as well as aneurysm, thrombosis and endocarditis of the fossa ovalis.
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Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy.
We aimed to evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of right ventricular output (RVO) using different anatomical landmarks: the internal pulmonary valve diameter (PVD) between the valve hinge points (hinge-PVD) according to the traditional technique, and PVD between the valve leaflet tips (tip-PVD). This was a retrospective analysis of prospective collected data. All neonates with echocardiographic measurements of RVO and left ventricular output (LVO) without congenital heart disease, including patent ductus arteriosus and patent foramen ovale > 3 mm, were included.
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Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Introduction: Focal atrial tachycardia (FAT) is predominant in the pediatric population. Recent research has identified cases of sustained FAT originating from the interatrial septum (IAS); a subset of cases presents a unique challenge, with foci originating from the peri-patent foramen ovale (peri-PFO), requiring specialized management during catheter ablation. Here, we present a rare case of peri-PFO-associated FAT that resulted in tachycardia-related cardiomyopathy and propose a comprehensive multipath joint strategy for the successful treatment of PFO-associated FAT.
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