Creating codes of ethics for public health professionals and institutions.

Background: The World Health Organization and the Association of Schools of Public Health in the European Region called for the professionalization of the public health workforce, including the creation of codes of ethics. In this article, the Public Health Ethics and Law Network provides guidance on creating such codes, based on values and principles commonly identified for public health.

Methods: Our interest was in codes addressing public health broadly rather than disciplines within public health. Public Health codes of ethics are typically published on agency and organization websites rather than peer-reviewed literature. We searched several online databases, such as PubMed; United States government websites; Spanish language websites; and English language websites for public health organizations.

Results: We synthesized the principles found into 10 adjectives-such as caring, responsive, and trustworthy-with short elaborations. These terms are practical, for non-philosophers, and provide flexibility for adaptation to country contexts.

Conclusions: The creation of a code of ethics should be followed by the identification and building of ethical competencies and capacity for public health professionals and institutions. There are plans to collaborate with pilot sites in the use and generation of further learning, and additional assistance for competencies and other resources to support a code of ethics and competencies.