Ten hypertensive patients completed a trial lasting 12 weeks to measure the effect of long-term treatment with piretanide, a new, powerful 'loop' diuretic, on total body potassium (TBK). After 2 weeks of placebo treatment, they received 6 mg piretanide twice daily. This dose was increased to 6 mg 3 times a day if blood pressure was not satisfactorily lowered after 4 weeks. Blood pressure and plasma potassium levels were measured weekly. The TBK was measured fortnightly. In this study potassium balance was not significantly affected by the administration of piretanide.
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Function (Oxf)
January 2025
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
The ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels, composed of Kir6.2 and SUR1 subunits, are essential for glucose homeostasis. While the role of pancreatic KATP channels in regulating insulin secretion is well-documented, the specific contributions of neuronal KATP channels remain unclear due to challenges in precisely targeting neuronal subpopulations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Hyperkalemia, generally defined as serum potassium levels greater than 5.0 mEq/L, poses significant clinical risks, including cardiac toxicity and muscle weakness. Its prevalence and severity increase in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes mellitus, and heart failure (HF), particularly when compounded by medications like Angiotensin converting inhibitors, Angiotensin receptor blockers, and potassium sparing diuretics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInorg Chem
January 2025
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
Zwitterionic energetic materials offer a unique combination of high performance and stability, yet their synthesis and stability enhancement remain key challenges. In this study, we report the synthesis of a highly stable (dinitromethyl-functionalized zwitterionic compound, 1-(amino(iminio)methyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)dinitromethanide (), with a thermal decomposition temperature of 215 °C, surpassing that of most previously reported energetic monocyclic zwitterions ( < 150 °C). This compound was synthesized via intramolecular cyclization of a trinitromethyl-functionalized hydrazone precursor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Trace Elem Med Biol
January 2025
Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, Warszawa 02-096, Poland.
Lead is a toxic heavy metal, which accumulates in the soil and is readily absorbed by plant roots. The uptake of toxic elements by crops is a serious threat to human health. For this reason, it is important to prevent the incorporation of heavy metals into the food chain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Kidney J
January 2025
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a nuclear transcription factor that plays a critical role in regulating fluid, electrolytes, blood pressure, and hemodynamic stability. In conditions such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) and heart failure (HF), MR overactivation leads to increased salt and water retention, inflammatory and fibrotic gene expression, and organ injury. The MR is essential for transcriptional regulation and is implicated in metabolic, proinflammatory, and pro-fibrotic pathways.
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