An update on oral manifestations of systemic disorders in dogs and cats.

Front Vet Sci

School of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.

Published: January 2025

Oral lesions are common in dogs and cats, and determining the underlying etiology of these lesions can be challenging. A wide range of systemic ailments may lead to lesions in the oral cavity, including immune-mediated diseases, adverse drug reactions, viral and bacterial infections, and metabolic and autoimmune diseases. A complete history and thorough physical examination (including a fundic examination) should be obtained in affected patients. It is critical to perform a detailed oral examination, which in some patients may need to be performed under sedation or general anesthesia. Tailored diagnostic plans and a multidisciplinary approach are necessary to fully characterize co-morbid disorders in affected patients. This narrative review aims to aid veterinarians in recognizing oral manifestations of systemic disorders based on the most recent reports and available research.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743369PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1511971DOI Listing

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