Lifespan cardiometabolic exposures are associated with midlife white matter microstructure: The Bogalusa Heart Study.

Introduction: Compartment model analysis of diffusion MRI data provides unique information on the microstructural properties of white matter. However, studies relating compartment model microstructural measures to longitudinal cardiometabolic health data are rare.

Methods: 130 cognitively healthy participants in the Bogalusa Heart Study completed diffusion MRI scans. Compartment model analysis was performed, and summary metrics were measured in organized and diffuse white matter. Multiple linear regression models were used to relate the white matter microstructure metrics to demographics and cardiometabolic risk factors.

Results: In both organized and diffuse white matter, age was associated with worse diffusion metrics, women had better diffusion metrics than men, and African American participants had worse diffusion metrics compared to White participants. Greater blood pressure in pre-adulthood was associated with worse diffusion metrics in midlife.

Discussion: Summary metrics from compartment model analyses of diffusion MRI data were associated cardiometabolic risk factors from youth to midlife as well as demographic factors.