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Estimating the impacts of calorie labels in fast-food settings using a novel comparison: comparing California drive-through and in-store purchases.
Appetite
January 2025
Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. New York University, New York, NY; Wagner School of Public Service, New York University, New York, NY.
Prior studies assessing the impact of calorie labels in fast-food settings have relied on comparisons across local and state jurisdictions with and without labelling mandates; several well-designed studies indicate a small reduction of calories purchased as a result of the labels. This study exploits a staggered roll-out of calorie labels in California to study the same issue using a novel comparison of in-store purchases with calorie information and drive-through purchases without calorie information at the same locations. With this design, consumers in both the treatment and comparison groups have been subject to the same social signals associated with the policy change and may have been exposed to calorie information during prior purchases, narrowing the intervention under study to the impact of posted menu labels at the point of purchase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCalorie (energy) labelling for changing selection and consumption of food or alcohol.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
January 2025
Behaviour and Health Research Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Background: Overconsumption of food and consumption of any amount of alcohol increases the risk of non-communicable diseases. Calorie (energy) labelling is advocated as a means to reduce energy intake from food and alcoholic drinks. However, there is continued uncertainty about these potential impacts, with a 2018 Cochrane review identifying only a small body of low-certainty evidence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRelationship between community characteristics and impact of calorie labeling on fast-food purchases.
Obesity (Silver Spring)
January 2025
Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate potential sources of heterogeneity in the effect of calorie labeling on fast-food purchases among restaurants located in areas with different neighborhood characteristics.
Methods: In a quasi-experimental design, using transaction data from 2329 Taco Bell restaurants across the United States between 2008 and 2014, we estimated the relationships of census tract-level income, racial and ethnic composition, and urbanicity with the impacts of calorie labeling on calories purchased per transaction.
Results: Calorie labeling led to small, absolute reductions in calories purchased across all population subgroups, ranging between -9.
Very low-calorie ketogenic diet reduces central blood pressure and cardiometabolic risk in post-menopausal women with essential hypertension and obesity: a single-center, prospective, open-label, clinical study.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
December 2024
Division of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Rome Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy. Electronic address:
Background And Aims: Obesity represents a crucial modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular complications. Two dietary approaches, Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic (VLCKD) and Intermittent Fasting (IFD) diets, have demonstrated to reduce blood pressure (BP) and produce cardiovascular and metabolic advantages. We aimed to evaluate the effects of VLCKD or IFD compared to Free Diet (FD) on office brachial and central systolic BP levels.
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