Recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) affects 15-36% of children with acute pancreatitis (AP) and may progress to chronicity. To determine the etiology and evolution of RAP, a descriptive retrospective cohort study was conducted in patients aged 1-18 years. Twelve patients with RAP were included out of 79 with AP, and demographic, etiological, clinical, analytical, and imaging data were collected. The results showed that the median age was 11 years for RAP and 13 years for AP. There were no significant differences between sexes or initial severity. Significant associations were found in the weight percentile, ultrasound findings, and genetic studies. These factors may influence the progression of RAP. Biliary lithiasis was the most common etiology in both groups. The multidisciplinary approach allows for avoiding its progression to chronicity.
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