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The contribution of Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893) and Albert Pitres (1848-1928) to the topographical diagnosis of focal motor seizures.
Epileptic Disord
January 2025
Innovation, Research and Teaching Service; Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical Private University (PMU), Azienda Sanitaria dell'Alto Adige, Bolzano-Bozen, Italy.
Matters of the Mind: A Look Into the Life of Sigmund Freud.
Cureus
October 2024
Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, IND.
This biography of Sigmund Freud examines the life and contributions of the individual recognized as the progenitor of psychoanalysis, analyzing his significant influence on the fields of psychology, culture, and the comprehension of the human psyche. Sigmund Freud was born in 1856 in Freiburg, Moravia. His early education and burgeoning interest in the field of medicine established a critical foundation for the development of his innovative theories.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJean-Martin Charcot: Pioneer of Neurology.
Cureus
August 2024
Internal Medicine/Nephrology, AdventHealth, Florida State University College of Medicine, Daytona Beach, USA.
Jean-Martin Charcot, born on November 29, 1825, in Paris, France, is known as the father of neurology. During a time when neurology was not yet a recognized medical specialty, Charcot's pioneering contributions significantly advanced the field. Charcot's use of the anatomo-clinical method, which correlates clinical symptoms with anatomical findings, led to the discovery and characterization of numerous neurological conditions, including multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Charcot's joint, and Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharcot's erroneous double-semidecussation scheme for the retinocortical visual pathways.
J Hist Neurosci
August 2024
Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Jean-Martin Charcot, often lauded for his seminal contributions, is seldom critiqued for his blunders. One such blunder was his double-semidecussation scheme for the retinocortical visual pathways, proposed in 1875 to explain, on neuroanatomic grounds, cases of hysteria that manifest hysterical amblyopia accompanied with ipsilateral hemianaesthesia. Charcot's scheme was inconsistent with the older, broadly correct scheme of Prussian ophthalmologist Albrecht von Gräfe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharcot and the psychology of hysteria, with special reference to a never published final case history.
J Hist Neurosci
August 2024
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Jean-Martin Charcot is perhaps best remembered for his contributions to organic neurology. However, his pursuit of hysteria, the most prevalent diagnosis in his hospital clinic, yielded no anatomical lesion to account for hysteria's plethora of somatic disorders assumed due to a purely functional or lesion in the cerebral cortex. This led Charcot to turn his attention to the psychology of hysteria.
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