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Fixational upbeat nystagmus: report of two cases and literature review.
J Neurol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Kumo-ro 20, Beomo-ri, Mulgum-eup, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, South Korea.
[Update on central oculomotor disorders and nystagmus].
Laryngorhinootologie
June 2024
Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsspital Zürich und Universität Zürich,.
The diagnosis of ocular motor disorders and the different forms of a nystagmus is based on a systematic clinical examination of all types of eye movements: eye position, spontaneous nystagmus, range of eye movements, smooth pursuit, saccades, gaze-holding function, vergence, optokinetic nystagmus, as well as testing of the function of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and visual fixation suppression of the VOR. Relevant anatomical structures are the midbrain, pons, medulla, cerebellum, and cortex. There is a simple clinical rule: vertical and torsional eye movements are generated in the midbrain, horizontal in the pons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPearls & Oy-sters: Vibration-Induced Downbeat Nystagmus: A New Cerebellar Sign Observed in Paraneoplastic Syndrome.
Neurology
January 2023
From the Research Administration Team (Hyo-Jung Kim), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea; Department of Neurology (Hyun-Jae Kim), Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea; Dizziness Center (J.-H.L., J.-S.K.), Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea; and Department of Neurology (J.-S.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea.
Vibratory stimulation of the sternocleidomastoid muscles or the skull may enhance vestibular asymmetry and evoke nystagmus. We report prominent downbeating vibration-induced nystagmus (VIN) in a patient with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration due to cervical cancer with positive serum anti-Ri antibody. A 47-year-old woman developed spontaneous upbeat nystagmus present with and without visual fixation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCentral Ocular Motor Disorders: Clinical and Topographic Anatomical Diagnosis, Syndromes and Underlying Diseases.
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd
November 2021
Neurologische Klinik der Universität zu Lübeck, Deutschland.
The key to the diagnosis of ocular motor disorders is a systematic clinical examination of the different types of eye movements, including eye position, spontaneous nystagmus, range of eye movements, smooth pursuit, saccades, gaze-holding function, vergence, optokinetic nystagmus, as well as testing of the function of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and visual fixation suppression of the VOR. This is like a window which allows you to look into the brain stem and cerebellum even if imaging is normal. Relevant anatomical structures are the midbrain, pons, medulla, cerebellum and rarely the cortex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNystagmus: Diagnosis, Topographic Anatomical Localization and Therapy.
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd
November 2021
Neurologische Klinik der Universität zu Lübeck, Deutschland.
Nystagmus is defined as rhythmic, most often involuntary eye movements. It normally consists of a slow (pathological) drift of the eyes, followed by a fast central compensatory movement back to the primary position (refixation saccade). The direction, however, is reported according to the fast phase.
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