The adventitia, the artery's most intricate layer, has received little attention.. During atherosclerosis, adventitia components undergo significant changes, such as angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, Artery Tertiary Lymphoid Organ (ATLO) formation, axon density increase, fibroblast activation, and stem cell differentiation. The reasons behind these changes and their contribution to atherosclerosis are beginning to be understood. In this review, we summarize the adventitia components and their role in normal arteries and then discuss the changes, pathogenesis, and potential clinical application of the adventitia in atherosclerosis.
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Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
The adventitia, the artery's most intricate layer, has received little attention.. During atherosclerosis, adventitia components undergo significant changes, such as angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, Artery Tertiary Lymphoid Organ (ATLO) formation, axon density increase, fibroblast activation, and stem cell differentiation.
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J Ethnopharmacol
January 2025
School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Bachelor Road, Hanpu Science and Education Park, Yuelu District, 410208Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Heart and Brain Diseases, 410208, Changsha, China. Electronic address:
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Aim Of The Study: A mouse model of atherosclerosis was used to study the relationship between the anti-intimal hyperplasia effect of Astragali Radix-Angelicae Sinensis Radix and the inhibition of VAF activation and ECM synthesis.
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Department of Medicine 2, RWTH Aachen University, Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany.
Atherosclerosis is a pervasive contributor to ischemic heart disease and stroke. Despite the advance of lipid-lowering therapies and anti-hypertensive agents, the residual risk of an atherosclerotic event remains high, and developing therapeutic strategies has proven challenging. This is due to the complexity of atherosclerosis with a spatial interplay of multiple cell types within the vascular wall.
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J Vis Exp
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Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance;
Recent research has advanced the understanding of atherosclerosis as a transmural chronic inflammatory disease involving all three layers of the arterial wall, including the intima plaque, the media, and the adventitia, which forms the outer connective tissue coat of arteries. Our recent studies have suggested that the adventitia is used by the peripheral nervous system as a conduit for reaching all tissue cells. We also found that the peripheral nervous system, that is, the sensory and sympathetic nervous system, undergoes major remodeling processes involving the neogenesis of axon networks adjacent to atherosclerotic plaques.
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