Prediction of Potential Risk for Ten Azole and Benzimidazole Fungicides with the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Agonistic Activity to Aquatic Ecosystems.

J Agric Food Chem

Fujian Engineering Research Center for Green Pest Management/Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/East China Branch of the National Center for Agricultural Biosafety Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China.

Published: January 2025

Azole and benzimidazole fungicides are widely used agrochemicals to prevent and treat fungal growth and are frequently detected in aquatic environments. Here, we aimed to assess the aquatic ecological risks of ten currently used azole and benzimidazole fungicides, which with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonistic activity, and their transformation products (TPs). We obtained over 400 types of aerobic TPs for ten fungicides. Some fungicides and their TPs (approximately 26.7%) exhibited the potential AhR agonistic activity and toxicity to different aquatic species. Meanwhile, some compounds with the chlorine element and benzene ring structure exhibited environmental persistence and mobile ability. Several of them were frequently detected in aquatic environments, posing potential risks to aquatic ecosystems. These harmful fungicides and their TPs should be given attention. This study provides important insight into the aquatic ecological risks caused by azole and benzimidazole fungicides, which can provide theoretical guidance for their pollution control.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c09545DOI Listing

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