The development of surrogate fuels with measured and predicted thermophysical properties similar to their authentic refinery stream counterparts is critical for the development of alternative fuels and the optimization of engines to increase efficiency and decrease emissions. In this work, four diesel fuel surrogates, formulated according to a reliable and proven procedure, were characterized by the advanced distillation curve (ADC) method to determine the composition and enthalpy of combustion in various distillate volume fractions. Tracking the composition and enthalpy of distillate fractions provides valuable information for determining structure-property relationships and also provides the basis for the development of equations of state that can describe the thermodynamic properties of these complex or simplified mixtures. This comparison showed that the volatility characteristic of the four surrogates is quite similar not only to the target diesel fuel but also to a number of other prototype alternative diesel fuels. The number of components in the surrogates affected how closely their volatility profiles resembled diesel fuel, as might be expected. The surrogate labeled V0a, consisting of just four components, was the most dissimilar to the target diesel fuel with respect to the initial boiling point and volatility curve shape. This suggests that, although minimizing the number of components greatly eases modeling and formulation efforts, caution should be used to avoid oversimplifying the surrogate mixtures.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729774 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b00107 | DOI Listing |
BMC Public Health
January 2025
Division of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Se Yuan Road, No 9, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China.
Background: Anemia is a major global burden, and occupational gasoline exposure is a common occupational hazard factor. Although previous studies have shown that there is a potential relationship between occupational gasoline exposure and the increase of anemia prevalence, this relationship has not been fully explored. The current cohort study aimed to investigate the association between occupational exposure to gasoline and anemia, and the effect of gasoline concentration on hemoglobin (Hb) levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) are pervasive environmental contaminants derived from diverse sources including pyrogenic (e.g., combustion processes), petrogenic (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
January 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, 16417, Ethiopia.
Many approaches have been implemented in order to reduce the emissions of particular pollutants without compromising engine performance. Cotton and castor mixed seed oil was chosen for the current study due to their distinct fatty acid composition and potential as a feedstock for bio-additives. Three fuel samples-99 % diesel and 1 % blended fuel (cottonseed oil + castor seed oil), 99.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemosphere
January 2025
Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), 26504, Patras, Greece. Electronic address:
The goal of the present work is to quantify the performance of ozonation as a method for the in situ remediation of soils polluted at varying degree with different types of hydrocarbons, and assess its applicability, in terms of remediation efficiency, cost factors, and environmental impacts. Ozonation tests are conducted on dry soil beds, for three specific cases: sandy soil contaminated with low, moderate and high concentration of a non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) consisting of equal concentrations of n-decane, n-dodecane, and n-hexadecane; sandy soil polluted with diesel fuel; oil-drilling cuttings (ODC). The transient changes of the concentration of the total organic carbon (TOC), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) in soil and carbon dioxide (CO), carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and ozone (O) in exhaust gases are recorded.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Environ Res Public Health
December 2024
Institute of Integrated Atmospheric Environment, 1-2-8 Koraku, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-0004, Japan.
Concerns regarding the health risks associated with employe exposure to volatile chemicals during gasoline refueling necessitates rigorous investigation and effective countermeasures. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of vapor recovery systems in mitigating exposure risks during gasoline refueling. Employee exposure to volatile organic compounds, aldehydes, carbon monoxide, and fine particulate matter (PM) was assessed at gasoline stations with and without vapor recovery systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!