The effect of music on fistula needle insertion-related pain intensity and pain distress: A single-centre, single-blind, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Patients feel pain and distress when a needle is inserted into the fistula. This affects the comfort of patients. One of the nonpharmacological methods used to decrease pain and stress is music intervention.

Objective: This study was conducted to assess the effect of Turkish classical music in makams, which the patients preferred, via headphones on fistula needle insertion-related pain intensity and pain distress.

Design: It was single-blind randomised controlled study.

Participants: This study was conducted with 54 patients between March and June 2023.

Measurements: The patient data were collected through a patient information form, visual analogue scale and distress thermometer. The intervention group was played music for 10 min, starting 5 min before the needle was inserted into the fistula. The music intervention was made in accordance with the established music protocol. The control group received only routine treatment.

Results: Patients in the intervention group were found to have a significant decrease in fistula needle insertion-related pain intensity and pain distress.

Conclusion: According to the results obtained from the research, music listening to patients is a reliable, effective and low-cost way of a nursing intervention to reduce levels of fistula needle insertion-related pain intensity and pain distress. Additionally, the results will provide evidence-based guidance to dialysis nurses for pain and distress management.