Uptake and transpiration of solid and hollow SiO nanoparticles by terrestrial plant (Apium Graveolens var. secalinum).

Recent studies have raised concerns about the potential toxicity of amorphous silica (SiO) nanoparticles (NPs). This investigation explores the uptake, transport, and transpiration of silica NPs in Apium graveolens var. secalinum. The study reveals that SiO NPs can infiltrate the plant cell wall, translocate from roots to stems and leaves, leading to elevated silicon levels and posing ingestion exposure risks. Furthermore, the release of these NPs through transpiration droplets (481 ± 205 mg·mday for 10 nm SiO NPs and 367 ± 22 mg·mdayfor 20 nm SiO NPs) presents significant health and environmental hazards. Modeling silica-coated NPs with thin-shelled hollow silica (h-SiO) NPs demonstrate in vitro and in vivo toxicity. Exposure of mice to these NPs (10 mg·Kgday) over four weeks induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, along with observed tissue damage in the brain, liver, and kidneys. These findings necessitate additional research into the neurobehavioral impacts of nanoparticles on mice.