Comparative genomics analysis of the reason for C heavy-ion irradiation in improving FeO nanoparticle yield of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans.

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf

Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Recycling of Argo-Waste in Cold Region, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China; Key Laboratory of Low‑carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P. R. China, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China; Engineering Research Center of Processing and Utilization of Grain By-products, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China. Electronic address:

Published: January 2025

The FeO nanoparticle synthesized by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans have a broad practical value, while the low yield limits their commercial application. Herein, we employed a C heavy-ion beam to induce mutagenesis of A. ferrooxidans BYM and successfully screened a mutant BYMT-200 with a 1.36 mg/L FeO nanoparticle yield, which could stably inherit over many generations based on assessing cell magnetism and FeO nanoparticle synthesis. Comparative genome analysis detected 14 mutation sites, causing six synonymous mutations, one missense mutation, and one nonsense mutation. We further annotated the genes involved in the mutation, such as hcp, hsdM, yghU, K7B00_11365, and K7B00_11355, which are responsible for the substantial changes in the FeO nanoparticle yield of A. ferrooxidans. Additionally, we performed a pan-genome analysis to understand how these genes regulate FeO nanoparticle synthesis. The core genome of 2376 orthologous clusters was identified and visualized by progressive Mauve alignment and OrthoVenn. A total of 109 regulatory genes related to iron metabolism were identified, mainly involved in electron transport, iron acquisition, iron storage, and oxidative stress. The mutant genes are closely related to iron-sulfur clusters and oxidative stress. Accordingly, we proposed a hypothetical mechanism for increasing FeO nanoparticle production in A. ferrooxidans BYMT-200 to withstand high oxidative stress caused by heavy ion radiation. Our study offers significant theoretical guidance for further acquiring the high-yield FeO nanoparticle-producing bacteria and studying the mechanism of its synthesis.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117668DOI Listing

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