AI Article Synopsis
- This systematic review investigates how body composition, particularly skeletal muscle mass, impacts vascular health measures like arterial stiffness and structure.
- Researchers conducted a thorough literature search and included 15 observational studies with over 21,000 participants, assessing various vascular health indices.
- The findings show that higher fat-free mass correlates positively with carotid artery thickness, while body fat percentage is linked to arterial stiffness, indicating a need for further research on specific body composition factors and their health implications.
Article Abstract
Objective: This systematic review explores the intricate relationship between body composition, with a specific focus on skeletal muscle mass, and vascular health indices, including measures of arterial stiffness-pulse wave velocity (PWV) and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI)-as well as arterial structure, specifically carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT).
Methods: An extensive literature search, encompassing PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, was conducted until January 2024. Inclusion criteria involved original observational studies, with cross-sectional or longitudinal designs, reporting body composition parameters and vascular health measures. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) assessed study quality. Statistical analyses utilized Stata 17.0, employing random-effects meta-analysis, sensitivity analysis, and evaluation of publication bias.
Results: Fifteen observational studies (n = 21,215) met the inclusion criteria. Pooled analyses revealed a positive association between fat-free mass (FFM) and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) (effect size [ES]: 1.79, 95% CI 1.68-1.91), highlighting a relationship with arterial structure. Similarly, body fat percentage (BFP) was positively associated with PWV (ES: 1.45, 95% CI 1.15-1.82), and FFM showed a positive association with CAVI (ES: 1.46, 95% CI 0.78-2.71), both measures of arterial stiffness. Subgroup analyses revealed a non-significant association between appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM) and IMT (ES: 1.01, 95% CI 0.76-1.35).
Conclusion: This meta-analysis highlights the complex relationship between body composition and vascular health. Subgroup analyses suggest the need for further research into specific body composition indices and their clinical implications.
Level Of Evidence: III evidence obtained from well-designed cohort and cross-sectional studies.
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Article Synopsis
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