In this paper, the short-range ordering structures of Ga melts has been investigated using the Wulff cluster model (WCM). The structures with a Wulff shape outside and crystal symmetry inside have been derived as the equivalent system to describe the short-range-order (SRO) distribution of the Ga melts. It is observed that the simulated HTXRD patterns of the Ga WCM are in excellent agreement with the experimental data at various temperatures (523 K, 623 K, and 723 K). This agreement includes first and second peak positions, widths, and relative intensities of patterns, particularly at temperatures significantly above the melting point. A minor deviation in the second peak position has been observed at 523 K, attributed to the starting of the pre-nucleation stage. These findings demonstrate that the WCM can effectively describe the SRO structure in melt systems exhibiting a certain extent of covalency.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma18010133 | DOI Listing |
Materials (Basel)
December 2024
Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China.
In this paper, the short-range ordering structures of Ga melts has been investigated using the Wulff cluster model (WCM). The structures with a Wulff shape outside and crystal symmetry inside have been derived as the equivalent system to describe the short-range-order (SRO) distribution of the Ga melts. It is observed that the simulated HTXRD patterns of the Ga WCM are in excellent agreement with the experimental data at various temperatures (523 K, 623 K, and 723 K).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Med Biol
December 2024
National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, United Kingdom.
The first search for soft unclustered energy patterns (SUEPs) is performed using an integrated luminosity of 138 fb^{-1} of proton-proton collision data at sqrt[s]=13 TeV, collected in 2016-2018 by the CMS detector at the LHC. Such SUEPs are predicted by hidden valley models with a new, confining force with a large 't Hooft coupling. In events with boosted topologies, selected by high-threshold hadronic triggers, the multiplicity and sphericity of clustered tracks are used to reject the background from standard model quantum chromodynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmSphere
December 2024
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Química, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Unlabelled: " Liberibacter asiaticus" (CLas) is associated with citrus huanglongbing, a severe disease with global importance that affects citrus production in Brazil. This study reports the first complete genome of a Brazilian strain of CLas. The genomic structure comparison of strain 9PA with those of 13 complete CLas genomes revealed 9,091 mismatches and 992 gaps/insertions, highlighting eight locally colinear blocks, among which six are in the prophage region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Hum Behav
September 2024
Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
Collective intelligence underpins the success of groups, organizations, markets and societies. Through distributed cognition and coordination, collectives can achieve outcomes that exceed the capabilities of individuals-even experts-resulting in improved accuracy and novel capabilities. Often, collective intelligence is supported by information technology, such as online prediction markets that elicit the 'wisdom of crowds', online forums that structure collective deliberation or digital platforms that crowdsource knowledge from the public.
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