AI Article Synopsis
- Polymers with ion-conduction abilities are crucial for water purification, acting as membranes that selectively transport ions while being mechanically strong.
- The review emphasizes the benefits of acidic polymers, particularly those with phosphonic acid groups, for effectively adsorbing toxic metals and highlights their superior performance compared to sulfonated polymers.
- It also notes the potential of temperature- and pH-responsive polymers for controlled water treatment, suggesting that with further development, phosphonated and other acid-functionalized polymers could become the preferred materials for water purification processes.
Article Abstract
Polymers exhibiting ion-conduction capabilities are essential components of water-purifying devices. These polymers not only transport selective ions but are also mechanically robust; thus, they can be processed as membranes. In this review, we highlight major acidic polymers and their engineered morphologies and optimized properties, including metal selectivity and water permeation or retention. Crucial phenomena, such as self-assembly in acid-group-functionalized polymers for driving water transportation, are discussed. It was observed that the phosphonic acid groups containing polymers are rather suitable for the selective adsorption of toxic metals, and thus, are superior to their sulfonated counterparts. Additionally, due to their amphoteric nature, phosphonated polymers displayed several modes of metal complexations, which makes them appropriate for eliminating a wide range of metals. Further observation indicates that aromatic-acid-functionalized polymers are more durable. Temperature- and pH-responsive polymers were also found to be promising candidates for a controlled water-treatment process. Nevertheless, considering the morphology, water retention, and metal adsorption, acid-functionalized polymers, especially phosphonated ones, have the potential to remain as the materials of choice after additional advancements. Further perspectives regarding improvements in acidic polymers and their fabricated membranes for water treatment are presented.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym17010029 | DOI Listing |
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