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Is the biogeography of the mucosa-associated microbiota a key factor affecting primary sclerosing cholangitis disease course and treatment?
Gut
December 2024
Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
The biogeography of the mucosa-associated microbiome in health and disease.
Front Microbiol
October 2024
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Introduction: Little is known about the biogeography of the mucosa associated microbiome (MAM) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) versus controls in different segments of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as the links between the MAM, gastrointestinal symptoms, and use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI).
Methods: We recruited 59 controls (without structural abnormalities and gastrointestinal symptoms), 44 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 31 with Crohn's disease (CD). Biopsies from various segments of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract were collected.
Do fish gut microbiotas vary across spatial scales? A case study of Diplodus vulgaris in the Mediterranean Sea.
Anim Microbiome
June 2024
Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Systèmes Aquatiques (ESA), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines the gut microbiota of two-banded sea bream fish from three wild populations to explore how geographic origin affects its diversity, structure, and functionality.
- Results show significant differences in microbiota between populations at large geographical scales, while factors like sampling date influenced taxonomical diversity, and habitat characteristics influenced microbiota composition at smaller scales.
- The findings emphasize the need for further investigation into wild fish gut microbiota across multiple populations and reveal potential environmental predictors, like the presence of Posidonia oceanica, and functions related to drug metabolism for future monitoring.
Steamed broccoli sprouts alleviate DSS-induced inflammation and retain gut microbial biogeography in mice.
bioRxiv
May 2023
School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469.
Unlabelled: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are devastating conditions of the gastrointestinal tract with limited treatments, and dietary intervention may be effective, and affordable, for managing symptoms. Glucosinolate compounds are highly concentrated in broccoli sprouts, especially glucoraphanin, and can be metabolized by certain mammalian gut bacteria into anti inflammatory isothiocyanates, such as sulforaphane. Gut microbiota exhibit biogeographic patterns, but it is unknown if colitis alters these or whether the location of glucoraphanin metabolizing bacteria affects anti-inflammatory benefits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViral biogeography of the mammalian gut and parenchymal organs.
Nat Microbiol
August 2022
APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
The mammalian virome has been linked to health and disease but our understanding of how it is structured along the longitudinal axis of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and other organs is limited. Here, we report a metagenomic analysis of the prokaryotic and eukaryotic virome occupying luminal and mucosa-associated habitats along the GIT, as well as parenchymal organs (liver, lung and spleen), in two representative mammalian species, the domestic pig and rhesus macaque (six animals per species). Luminal samples from the large intestine of both mammals harboured the highest loads and diversity of bacteriophages (class Caudoviricetes, family Microviridae and others).
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