An Elusive Diagnosis of Castleman Disease.

Ann Thorac Surg Short Rep

Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.

Published: September 2024

We present the case of a 41-year-old man with an anterior mediastinal mass and constellation of clinical symptoms, including dyspnea, pleural effusions, pericardial effusions, renal insufficiency, and pancytopenia. After inconclusive results on several laboratory tests and a nondiagnostic surgical biopsy specimen, a specimen from a second surgical biopsy identified the patient's condition as Castleman disease associated with TAFRO (thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fevers, reticulin myelofibrosis, organomegaly) syndrome. This case highlights the importance of obtaining large tissue biopsy samples, interval follow-up, and acknowledging cognitive biases.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11708629PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atssr.2024.02.018DOI Listing

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