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Objective study validity diagnostics: a framework requiring pre-specified, empirical verification to increase trust in the reliability of real-world evidence.
J Am Med Inform Assoc
January 2025
Coordinating Center, Observational Health Data Science and Informatics, New York City, NY 10032, United States.
Objective: Propose a framework to empirically evaluate and report validity of findings from observational studies using pre-specified objective diagnostics, increasing trust in real-world evidence (RWE).
Materials And Methods: The framework employs objective diagnostic measures to assess the appropriateness of study designs, analytic assumptions, and threats to validity in generating reliable evidence addressing causal questions. Diagnostic evaluations should be interpreted before the unblinding of study results or, alternatively, only unblind results from analyses that pass pre-specified thresholds.
Understanding the Medical Education Experiences of Low-Income Students Through a Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Lens: An Exploratory Qualitative Study.
J Gen Intern Med
January 2025
MD/PhD Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Background: Diversity in the physician workforce is critical for quality patient care. Students from low-income backgrounds represent an increasing proportion of medical school matriculants, yet little research has addressed their medical school experiences.
Objective: To explore the medical school experiences of students from low-income backgrounds using a modified version of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (physiologic, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization) as a theoretical framework.
Estimating hip impact velocity and acceleration from video-captured falls using a pose estimation algorithm.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Exercise Science, Syracuse University, 150 Crouse Dr, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA.
Analyzing video footage of falls in older adults has emerged as an alternative to traditional lab studies. However, this approach is limited by the labor-intensive process of manually labeling body parts. To address this limitation, we aimed to validate the use of the AI-based pose estimation algorithm (OpenPose) in assessing the hip impact velocity and acceleration of video-captured falls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSupportive but biased: perceptual neural intergroup bias is sensitive to minor reservations about supporting outgroup immigration.
Neuropsychologia
January 2025
Department of Criminology & Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel; Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Finland 00076. Electronic address:
While decreasing negative attitudes against outgroups are often reported by individuals themselves, biased behaviour prevails. This gap between words and actions may stem from unobtrusive mental processes that could be uncovered by using neuroimaging in addition to self-reports. In this study we investigated whether adding neuroimaging to a traditional intergroup bias measure could detect intersubject differences in intergroup bias processes in a societal context where opposing discrimination is normative.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimizing Surgical Outcomes in Gastric Cancer: A Comparison of Laparoscopic and Open Total Gastrectomy.
J Gastrointest Surg
January 2025
Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Department of General and Digestive Surgery, 184 rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75012, Paris, France. Electronic address:
Background: The efficacy of the laparoscopic approach for total gastrectomy(TG) in Western countries remains under discussion. Recently, Textbook Outcome(TO) has gained recognition as a comprehensive measure of care quality in upper gastrointestinal surgery. Although predictive factors for TO after TG are well-documented, the influence of the surgical approach requires further analysis.
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