Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, affects at least twenty-four million people globally, yet, the causation, mechanisms of progression, and therapeutic strategies remain elusive. Currently, tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs), a family of recently discovered small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs), have surfaced as promising biomarkers for many diseases, including AD. Our work revealed that several AD-impacted tRFs in human hippocampus, CSF, and serum.
Method: Herein, we further characterized the expression of tRFs in AD through elucidating exactly which cell types of the brain contribute to the higher expression of tRFs, using human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-derived cells. We further delve into the identification of tRFs, commonly affected by emerging SARS-CoV-2 infection and AD, for a future study on the influence of SARS-CoV-2 infection on AD.
Result: Our results indicate that neurons derived from AD iPSC have significantly enhanced tRF expression than neurons derived from healthy adult donor. The impacted tRFs include tRFs derived from the 5'-end of mature tRNA encoding ProAGG (tRF5-ProAGG), GluCTC (tRF5-GluCTC), and GlyGCC (tRF5-GlyGCC). Such a difference did not show in iPSC-derived astrocytes. Interestingly, among AD-impacted tRFs in neurons, two of them are also inducible by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Conclusion: tRF5-ProAGG, -GluCTC, and -GlyGCC continue to show the potential as AD biomarkers originating from neurons from within the brain. Commonly impacted tRFs by SARS-CoV-2 and AD, combined with our recently published data showing the impact of tRF5 on the regulation of genes important for neuronal functions, implicates SARS-CoV-2's influence on AD.
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Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, affects at least twenty-four million people globally, yet, the causation, mechanisms of progression, and therapeutic strategies remain elusive. Currently, tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs), a family of recently discovered small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs), have surfaced as promising biomarkers for many diseases, including AD. Our work revealed that several AD-impacted tRFs in human hippocampus, CSF, and serum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Recent studies have revealed that tRNA-derived fragments(tRFs)are closely associated with the immunoinflammatory process of brain injury after stroke.
Method: Firstly, 3 patients with WMI and the same number of healthy volunteers' peripheral blood in the control group were collected. EVS in the subjects' peripheral plasma was isolated and purified, and tRFs high-throughput sequencing was performed.
Attentional Rhythms Are Sensitive to Binocular Visual Pathway.
Psych J
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China.
Visual attention is intrinsically rhythmic and oscillates based on the discrete sampling of either single or multiple objects. Recently, studies have found that the early visual cortex (V1/V2) modulates attentional rhythms. Both monocular and binocular cells are present in the early visual cortex, which acts as a transfer station for transformation of the monocular visual pathway into the binocular visual pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProteomics reveals the key transcription-related factors mediating obstructive nephropathy in pediatric patients and mice.
Ren Fail
December 2025
Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
Article Synopsis
- Obstructive nephropathy is a major cause of kidney injury in infants and children, with transcription-related factors (TRFs) playing a significant role in kidney diseases.
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Targeting NUCKS1 with a fragment of tRNA of Chinese yew for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
Noncoding RNA Res
April 2025
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau SAR, China.
Despite the discovery of numerous oncogenes in colorectal cancer (CRC), the development of associated drugs is limited, posing a significant challenge for CRC treatment. Identification of novel druggable targets is therefore crucial for the therapeutic development of CRC. Here, we report the first investigation on therapeutics targeting the potent oncogene NUCKS1 to suppress cancer progression.
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