Background: Considering the enormity and pace of spread of dementia in Europe, Alzheimer's Society (Europe) launched the Glasgow Declaration in 2014, giving these fundamental rights to persons living with dementia: timely diagnosis and diagnostic support, person-centred quality care, equitable access to treatment and being respected as an individual. The objective of this study is to identify the focus areas of the dementia strategies of England, and whether the focus has changed over time. This study also examines how well the focus areas of Prime Minister's Challenges 2015 and 2020 to ensure the accordance of Glasgow declaration rights.
Method: National Dementia Strategy 2009, Prime Minister's Challenge on Dementia 2015 and 2020 are downloaded from the repository of dementia strategies of Alzheimer's Society. Text from these documents is cleaned to remove the headers, footers, page numbers, table of contents and references. The text is then preprocessed, which includes removal of special characters, numbers, words tokenisation, part-of-speech tagging and lemmatisation, and removal of stop words, extra spaces and punctuations. This preprocessed text is then used to find the word frequencies, separately for each document. Hierarchical Dirichlet Process (HDP), Bayesian approach, is applied to the text of dementia strategies to identify the key focus areas of each of these strategies.
Result: All the three strategies have one common focus area: care and support for people with dementia. Research is an additional focus area in the 2020 strategy. The results of HDP support the findings based on the word frequencies; for all the three documents, care, support and health of people with dementia has consistently retained the key focus of these strategies throughout.
Conclusion: Dementia strategies have a consistent focus on care and support for people with dementia since the first strategy in 2009. These align with two of the rights of Glasgow declaration, for persons living with dementia. Despite that Glasgow declaration was launched five years after the first dementia strategy of England, the later strategies (2015 and 2020) continue to lack focus on the rights to timely diagnosis, equitable access to treatment and the right to be respected as an individual.
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Invest New Drugs
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Anamorelin, a highly selective ghrelin receptor agonist, enhances appetite and increases lean body mass in patients with cancer cachexia. However, the predictors of its therapeutic effectiveness are uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the association between the Glasgow prognostic score (GPS), used for classifying the severity of cancer cachexia, the therapeutic effectiveness of anamorelin, and the feasibility of early treatment based on cancer types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosurg Rev
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Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
The mini-pterional craniotomy (mPT) was designed to be a minimally invasive alternative to the standard pterional (PT) approach. However, it remains unclear which technique produces better results. Thus, we aimed to perform a meta-analysis comparing functional, surgical, and aesthetic outcomes between mPT and PT in intracranial aneurysms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Histochem
January 2025
School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
In recent years, a great interest has been focused on the prebiotic origin of nucleic acids and life on Earth. An attractive idea is that life was initially based on an autocatalytic and autoreplicative RNA (the RNA-world). RNA duplexes are right-handed helical chains with antiparallel orientation, but the rationale for these features is not yet known.
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British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
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Gut
January 2025
Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Background: The immune suppression mechanisms in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remain unknown, but preclinical studies have implicated macrophage-mediated immune tolerance. Hence, pathways that regulate macrophage phenotype are of strategic interest, with reprogramming strategies focusing on inhibitors of phosphoinositide 3-kinase-gamma (PI3Kγ) due to restricted immune cell expression. Inhibition of PI3Kγ alone is ineffective in PDAC, despite increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells.
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