Understanding the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) mechanism is pivotal for improving the overall efficiency of water electrolysis. Despite methylammonium lead halide perovskites (MAPbX) have shown promising OER performance due to their soft-lattice nature that allows lattice-oxygen oxidation of active α-PbO layer surface, the role of A-site MA or X-site elements in the electrochemical reconstruction and OER mechanisms has yet to be explored. Here, it is demonstrated that the OER mechanism of perovskite@zeolite composites is intrinsically dominated by the A-site group of lead-halide perovskites, while the type of X-site halogen is crucial for the reconstruction kinetics of the composites. Using CsPbBrI @AlPO-5 (x = 0, 1, 2, 3) as a model OER catalyst, it is found that the CsPbBr@AlPO-5 behaves oxygen-intercalation pseudocapacitance during surface restructuring due to absence of halogen-ion migration and phase separation in the CsPbBr, achieving a larger diffusion rate of OH within the core-shell structure. Moreover, distinct from the single-metal-site mechanism of MAPbBr@AlPO-5, experimental and theoretical investigations reveal that the soft lattice nature of CsPbBr triggers the oxygen-vacancy-site mechanism via the CsPbBr/α-PbO interface, resulting in excellent OER performance. Owing to the variety and easy tailoring of lead-halide perovskite compositions, these findings pave a way for the development of novel perovskite@zeolite type catalysts for efficient oxygen electrocatalysis.
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