L. (Malabar spinach, Basellaceae), widely consumed as a leafy vegetable, produces dark-colored fruits rich in betacyanins, including rare 6-glycosylated derivatives called gomphrenins. Comprehensive studies on the anti-inflammatory potential of its gomphrenin fraction (A) and crude extract (B) employed various analytical and biological methods. Cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory effects were tested on human and animal cell models using SRB, DCF-DA, Griess, MDA, and ELISA assays. Both the crude extract and enriched gomphrenin fraction exhibited significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in vitro. They inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6, reduced oxidative stress markers (ROS, NO), and decreased lipid peroxidation. The enriched gomphrenin fraction (A) showed stronger antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, particularly in reducing ROS and NO levels, though not always concentration-dependent. Both A and B inhibited NF-κB and COX activity. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of f. fruit extract and betalain fraction for inflammation-related conditions, encouraging further exploration of their mechanisms and application.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16244393 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- A new method for isolating pure betacyanins and betaxanthins from Ullucus tuberosus was developed, utilizing advanced techniques like HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS for precise chemical identification.
- This research identified several new betalains, contributing valuable knowledge to the field as many had not been previously documented in this plant.
- The pure fractions allowed for the determination of total betalain content and antioxidant activity, revealing Ullucus tuberosus as a promising source of bioactive compounds with significant levels of both betaxanthins and betacyanins.
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