Peanut ( L.) is an oilseed crop grown worldwide. Flavonoids have profound benefits for plant growth and development because of their powerful antioxidant properties. Seed vigor is an important indicator of seed quality. However, how flavonoids impact seed vigor formation in large-seed peanuts is still poorly understood. Here, we profiled flavonoids, phytohormones, and transcriptomes of developing seeds of large-seed peanut varieties with low (ZP06) and high (H8107) seed vigor. A total of 165 flavonoids were identified, 51 of which were differentially accumulated in ZP06 and H8107. Lower levels of dihydromyricetin (0.28 times) and hesperetin-7-O-glucoside (0.26 times) were observed in ZP06 seeds than in H8107. All flavonoid biosynthesis structural genes were down-regulated in ZP06. The different hormone levels found in ZP06 and H8107 seeds could be associated with the expression of flavonoid biosynthesis genes via MYB and bHLH transcription factors. Dihydromyricetin could relate to ZP06's poor seed vigor by impacting its seed antioxidant properties. Thus, the presence of flavonoids in large-seed peanuts could contribute to their physiological quality and germination potential through controlling the accumulation of reactive oxygen species to improve seed antioxidant properties.
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Article Synopsis
- Seeds are vital for agricultural success, influencing seedling quality and crop yields, making accurate vigor assessment essential for productivity.
- The study seeks to create a non-destructive method to evaluate maize seed vigor, overcoming the limitations of traditional testing methods, by using a large set of maize inbred lines and advanced technologies like machine vision and hyperspectral imaging.
- The findings indicate that machine vision is the most effective method for seed vigor detection with about 90% accuracy, and it also uncovers key genetic and metabolic traits linked to seed germination, providing insights into improving seed vigor in maize.
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