Diversity of Soil Microbial Communities in the Bulk and Rhizosphere Soils of Acanthopanax senticosus in Different Habitats.

Comprehending the interplay between the microbial communities of bulk soil (BS) and rhizosphere soil (RS) holds crucial significance in maintaining soil health and fertility, as well as enhancing crop quality. Our research focused on examining these microbial communities in BS and RS of Acanthopanax senticosus, along with their correlation with soil nutrients, across three distinct habitats in Yichun, Heilongjiang Province. To achieve this, we employed high-throughput sequencing technology, specifically targeting the 16S and amplicon regions. The results showed that there were significant differences in soil nutrients, microbial diversity and composition between BS and RS in different habitats. Available phosphorus (AP), total nitrogen (TN), ammonium-nitrogen (NH-N) and available potassium (AK) content in RS were higher than that in BS, but TP content was opposite. The Mantel experiment's findings revealed that the soil physicochemical attributes exerted a more significant impact on the microbial community present in RS compared to its influence in BS. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that the bacterial community of BS was affected by SMC and TP. The fungal structure of BS was affected by soil moisture content (SMC), AP, AK (P < 0.01) and TN (P < 0.05). The fungal structure of RS was affected by soil organic carbon (SOC), AP and AK. A noteworthy inverse relationship was observed between Actinomycetes and SMC as well as AP. In conclusion, these results extend the understanding of soil microbial community of A. senticosus and provide a preliminary understanding of the effects of habitat changes caused by human activities on A. senticosus.