Terson Syndrome in Two Infants: Case Report and Literature Review.

Cureus

Department of Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, SAU.

Published: December 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • The report discusses two infants in Saudi Arabia diagnosed with Terson syndrome following traumatic head injuries.
  • Both infants underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in an attempt to improve their vision.
  • Unfortunately, both cases resulted in poor visual outcomes due to complications such as macular scars and retinal detachment.

Article Abstract

We report the presentation and outcome of Terson syndrome in four eyes of two infants in a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia. This is a retrospective report of two infants with Terson syndrome due to accidental traumatic head injuries. Intraoperative screenshots of the posterior pole were taken for both cases. A 4-month-old healthy boy had Terson syndrome following a motor vehicle accident. The patient underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for both eyes. Eventually, he had poor visual outcomes due to macular scars, sclerosed retinal vessels, and a thick internal limiting membrane (ILM). The other case was a 10-month-old boy who had Terson syndrome after recurrent falls. The patient underwent PPV for both eyes. Later, the patient's left retina was detached which required another intervention. Both eyes had peripapillary atrophy and epiretinal fibrosis. Terson syndrome is an uncommon condition in the pediatric population. Generally, patients with Terson syndrome have good visual outcomes. In this case report, we describe an incidence of Terson syndrome in two infants following traumatic head injuries who had poor visual outcomes after surgical intervention due to macular scars, posterior pole fibrosis, sclerosed retinal vessels, and optic disc atrophy.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11698262PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.75102DOI Listing

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Terson Syndrome in Two Infants: Case Report and Literature Review.

Cureus

December 2024

Department of Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, SAU.

Article Synopsis
  • The report discusses two infants in Saudi Arabia diagnosed with Terson syndrome following traumatic head injuries.
  • Both infants underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in an attempt to improve their vision.
  • Unfortunately, both cases resulted in poor visual outcomes due to complications such as macular scars and retinal detachment.
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Background/objectives: Terson Syndrome (TS) is a rare entity consisting of an intraocular hemorrhage secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) or intracerebral hemorrhage (IH). This study aimed to retrospectively describe the experience of the Ophthalmology Unit of Policlinico Gemelli, Rome, in the management of TS.

Methods: Twenty-four eyes of 19 patients (10 males-53%; 9 females-47%; mean age of 44.

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We report an unusual case of pupil-involving third nerve palsy associated with Terson's syndrome that resulted in the diagnosis of a right posterior communicating artery aneurysm. Interestingly, Terson's syndrome presented with Roth spot-resembling features, accompanied by third nerve palsy in a patient without any disturbance of consciousness. To our knowledge, the association of Terson's syndrome with third nerve palsy has not been described before in the absence of radiologically diagnosed subarachnoid haemorrhage.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Terson syndrome (TS) is an eye condition linked to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) that causes bleeding in the eye, leading to visual impairment, and can affect one or both eyes unevenly.
  • - A 52-year-old woman experienced TS after a right middle cerebral artery aneurysm rupture during sex, but surprisingly, she reported significant visual issues in her left eye while the right eye showed more damage.
  • - TS usually causes symptoms in both eyes, but in this case, the symptoms were predominantly found in the eye opposite to the affected hemisphere, making it an unusual presentation.
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