AI Article Synopsis

  • In Japan, comprehensive genome profiling (CGP) as a diagnostic tool has been available through public insurance since June 2019, but only a small percentage of cancer patients are actually receiving treatments based on this data.
  • A study analyzed 219 patients with various cancers from Iwate Medical University Hospital, finding that only 6.4% acted on drug recommendations made by the Molecular Tumor Board after CGP analysis.
  • Despite low drug adoption rates, CGP proved useful for monitoring circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), helping predict early relapses and evaluate treatment responses in a significant number of cases.

Article Abstract

In Japan, comprehensive genome profiling (CGP) as a companion diagnostic (CDx) has been covered by public insurance since June 2019, but the proportion of patients with cancer who actually received drug therapy based on CGP data is low. In the present study, we attempted to use CGP as a starting point for tumor-informed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) monitoring. We retrospectively validated 219 patients with malignant tumors who underwent CGP at Iwate Medical University Hospital between October 2019 and April 2023 in terms of patient demographics, genetic analysis, drug recommendations, and drug administration rate. The 219 cancer cases analyzed by CGP for 27 target organs, including prostate (n = 27, 12.3%), colorectal (n = 25, 11.4%), lung (n = 19, 8.7%), and other neoplasms (n = 148, 67.6%). Among the cohort, only 14 cases (6.4%) subsequently were able to undertake the recommended action by Molecular Tumor Board. Of patients who underwent ctDNA monitoring based on somatic mutations identified by CGP (n = 11), clinical validity was confirmed in terms of early relapse prediction (n = 5, 45.5%), treatment response evaluation (n = 10, 90.9%), and no relapse/regrowth corroboration (n = 2, 18.2%) whereas 90.9% (n = 10) of patients obtained information with at least one source of the clinical validity. Although the current rate of CGP contributing to a drug recommendation is low, CGP results can be an alternate resource for tumor-informed longitudinal ctDNA monitoring to provide information concerning early relapse prediction, treatment response evaluation, and no relapse/regrowth corroboration.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cas.16446DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

ctdna monitoring
12
comprehensive genome
8
tumor-informed circulating
8
circulating tumor
8
tumor dna
8
cgp
8
clinical validity
8
early relapse
8
relapse prediction
8
treatment response
8

Similar Publications

The promises and perils of circulating tumor DNA for monitoring immunotherapy response in non-small cell lung cancer.

Explor Target Antitumor Ther

November 2024

Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Disorders Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.

There has been a rapid expansion of immunotherapy options for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) over the past two decades, particularly with the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Despite the emerging role of immunotherapy in adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings though, relatively few patients will respond to immunotherapy which can be problematic due to expense and toxicity; thus, the development of biomarkers capable of predicting immunotherapeutic response is imperative. Due to the promise of a noninvasive, personalized approach capable of providing comprehensive, real-time monitoring of tumor heterogeneity and evolution, there has been wide interest in the concept of using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to predict treatment response.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • In Japan, comprehensive genome profiling (CGP) as a diagnostic tool has been available through public insurance since June 2019, but only a small percentage of cancer patients are actually receiving treatments based on this data.
  • A study analyzed 219 patients with various cancers from Iwate Medical University Hospital, finding that only 6.4% acted on drug recommendations made by the Molecular Tumor Board after CGP analysis.
  • Despite low drug adoption rates, CGP proved useful for monitoring circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), helping predict early relapses and evaluate treatment responses in a significant number of cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Longitudinal circulating tumor DNA monitoring in predicting response to short-course radiotherapy followed by neoadjuvant chemotherapy and camrelizumab in locally advanced rectal cancer: data from a Phase Ⅲ clinical trial (UNION).

Cancer Lett

January 2025

Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan 430022, China. Electronic address:

This study, conducted as part of a multicenter phase III clinical trial, aimed to assess the utility of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)-based minimal residual disease (MRD) in comparing the efficacy of short-course and long-course chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). A total of 244 plasma samples from 79 LARC patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) before surgery were collected at various time points. Targeted deep sequencing using a novel MRD panel was performed.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: The standard of care for stage III colon cancer is 3 or 6 months of double-drug regimen chemotherapy following radical surgery. However, patients with positive circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) exhibit a high risk of recurrence risk even if they receive standard adjuvant chemotherapy. The potential benefit of intensified adjuvant chemotherapy, oxaliplatin, irinotecan, leucovorin and fluoropyrimidine (FOLFOXIRI), for ctDNA-positive patients remains to be elucidated.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Gliomas are the most common brain tumor type in children and adolescents. To date, diagnosis and therapy monitoring for these tumors rely on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathological as well as molecular analyses of tumor tissue. Recently, liquid biopsies (LB) have emerged as promising tool for diagnosis and longitudinal tumor assessment potentially allowing for a more precise therapeutic management.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!