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Establishment of a New Real-Time Molecular Assay for the Detection of Babanki Virus in Africa.
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Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 36 Avenue Pasteur, Dakar 220, Senegal.
Babanki virus is a subtype of the Sindbis virus, a widespread arthropod-borne alphavirus circulating in Eurasia, Africa, and Oceania. Characterized by rashes and arthritis, clinical infections due to Sindbis were mainly reported in Africa, Australia, Asia, and Europe. However, its sub-type, Babanki virus, was reported in Northern Europe and Africa, where its epidemiology potential remains poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHorse Innate Immunity in the Control of Equine Infectious Anemia Virus Infection: A Preliminary Study.
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November 2024
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri", Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy.
The mechanisms of the innate immunity control of equine infectious anemia virus in horses are not yet widely described. Equine monocytes isolated from the peripheral blood of three Equine infectious anemia (EIA) seronegative horses were differentiated in vitro into macrophages that gave rise to mixed cell populations morphologically referable to M1 and M2 phenotypes. The addition of two equine recombinant cytokines and two EIA virus reference strains, Miami and Wyoming, induced a more specific cell differentiation, and as for other species, IFNγ and IL4 stimulation polarized horse macrophages respectively towards the M1 and the M2 phenotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF-Derived β-Glucan Capsules as a Delivery System for DNA Vaccines.
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Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy-LEMTE, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil.
Background/objectives: DNA vaccines are rapidly produced and adaptable to different pathogens, but they face considerable challenges regarding stability and delivery to the cellular target. Thus, effective delivery methods are essential for the success of these vaccines. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of capsules derived from the cell wall of the yeast as a delivery system for DNA vaccines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurrent Status and Significance of Additional Vaccination with COVID-19 Vaccine in Japan-Considerations from Antibody Levels from Hybrid Immunity and Public Perceptions.
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Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan.
This report examines the evolving role of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in Japan, especially in light of the reduced public concern following the reclassification of COVID-19 as a Category 5 infectious disease in May 2023. With over half the population estimated to have hybrid immunity from prior infections and vaccinations, this report evaluated the necessity and frequency of additional booster doses. Despite strong recommendations from Japanese medical societies to continue vaccination, public skepticism remains owing to financial burdens, adverse reactions, and the perceived limited benefits of frequent boosters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeospatial Variation in Vaccination Coverage and Zero-Dose Prevalence at the District, Ward and Health Facility Levels Before and After a Measles Vaccination Campaign in Nigeria.
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November 2024
WorldPop, School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
Many measles endemic countries with suboptimal coverage levels still rely on vaccination campaigns to fill immunity gaps and boost control efforts. Depending on local epidemiological patterns, national or targeted campaigns are implemented, following which post-campaign coverage surveys (PCCSs) are conducted to evaluate their performance, particularly in terms of reaching previously unvaccinated children. Due to limited resources, PCCS surveys are designed to be representative at coarse spatial scales, often masking important heterogeneities in coverage that could enhance the identification of areas of poor performance for follow-up via routine immunization strategies.
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