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Resveratrol and capsaicin as safer radiosensitizers for colorectal cancer compared to 5-fluorouracil. | LitMetric

Resveratrol and capsaicin as safer radiosensitizers for colorectal cancer compared to 5-fluorouracil.

Biomed Pharmacother

University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology - BRIC, BioGo Team, Bordeaux, France; Biochemistry Department, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU de Bordeaux), Bordeaux, France. Electronic address:

Published: January 2025

Background And Aim: Standard rectal cancer treatment includes neoadjuvant radiotherapy sensitized by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy. However, 5-FU increased chemoradiotherapy response rate comes with significant toxicity, especially in older, frail patients. The development of alternatives to chemotherapy enabling radiosensitization with limited systemic toxicity is therefore needed to improve patient management. Bioactive food components (BFCs) can exhibit chemo or radio-sensitizing properties against cancer cells. Moreover, the cytotoxic action of BFCs may be tumor-specific, with reduced impact on healthy cells. We hypothesized that BFCs, in particular resveratrol and capsaicin, alone or in association, could lead to specific radio-sensitization of colorectal tumors while offering reduced toxicity compared to 5-FU.

Experimental Procedure: Colorectal tumor and non-tumor cell lines were treated with resveratrol, capsaicin, or 5-FU, alone or in combination, then irradiated; survival, cell cycle, and apoptosis were analyzed. RAGγ2C-/- mice with xenografts received oral resveratrol, resveratrol + capsaicin, or 5-FU, followed by radiotherapy, with tumor growth and systemic toxicity evaluated.

Key Results: Resveratrol alone or in association with capsaicin radio-potentiates colorectal tumor cells in vitro, impacting both cell cycle and apoptosis. In a preclinical mouse model, the oral administration of resveratrol and capsaicin, but not resveratrol alone, allowed the radio-sensitization of subcutaneous colorectal tumors with similar efficiency to 5-FU. Moreover, the global as well as the hematological toxicity of the BFC association was lower than those of 5-FU.

Conclusion: This work establishes BFCs as effective enhancers of radiotherapy, offering a safer alternative to traditional radiosensitization with chemotherapy.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117799DOI Listing

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