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Circular reasoning concerning Red flags for predicting rituximab response in OCD.
Mol Psychiatry
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Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
Cranial venous outflow insufficiency; rendered almost invisible to radiological imaging by circular reasoning. Rethinking normal craniocervical venous anatomy.
J Clin Neurosci
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Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK.
Article Synopsis
- * Critics argue that symptoms are mainly non-organic and the observed anatomical variations are just normal anatomical features, but this view overlooks that understanding venous anatomy often comes from studying symptomatic patients rather than healthy ones.
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Neurological symptoms in pediatric abusive head trauma: Multi-center data for clinical forensic medicine.
Forensic Sci Int
December 2024
Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. Electronic address:
Central nervous system-associated lesions can frequently be found in abusive head trauma (AHT) cases. Since there are frequently no visible signs of injury on the body surface, the diagnosis of AHT can be challenging. In particular, if the affected child shows only isolated neurological symptoms, these are often misinterpreted as a minor illness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProblem Behaviours and Relinquishment: Challenges Faced by Clinical Animal Behaviourists When Assessing Fear and Frustration.
Animals (Basel)
September 2024
Animal Behaviour, Cognition and Welfare Group, School of Natural Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7DL, UK.
Fear and frustration are two emotions thought to frequently contribute to problem behaviour, often leading to relinquishment. Inferring these emotions is challenging as they may present with some similar general signs, but they potentially require different treatment approaches to efficiently address the behaviour of concern. Although behavioural assessment frameworks have been proposed, it is largely unknown how clinical animal behaviourists (CABs) assimilate information about the emotional state of an animal to inform their behavioural assessment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReconceptualizing the Interaction of Behavior and Environment.
Perspect Behav Sci
September 2024
Department of Psychosocial Health, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway.
The concept of response strength and the process of strengthening by reinforcement are controversial in terms of their explanatory power. We clarify potential theoretical misconceptions following from a strength-based account such as essentialist thinking and circular reasoning. These problems also arise in the practice of latent variable modeling in psychometrics.
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