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A Second Near-Infrared Window-Responsive Metal-Organic-Framework-Based Photosensitizer for Tumor Immunotherapy via Synergistic Ferroptosis and STING Activation.
J Am Chem Soc
January 2025
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) holds promise as a cancer treatment modality due to its potential for enhanced therapy precision and safety. To enhance deep tissue penetration and minimize tissue adsorption and phototoxicity, developing photosensitizers activated by second near-infrared window (NIR-II) light shows significant potential. However, the efficacy of PDT is often impeded by tumor microenvironment hypoxia, primarily caused by irregular tumor vasculature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTCR transgenic clone selection guided by immune receptor analysis and single-cell RNA expression of polyclonal responders.
Elife
December 2024
Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.
Since the precursor frequency of naive T cells is extremely low, investigating the early steps of antigen-specific T cell activation is challenging. To overcome this detection problem, adoptive transfer of a cohort of T cells purified from T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic donors has been extensively used but is not readily available for emerging pathogens. Constructing TCR transgenic mice from T cell hybridomas is a labor-intensive and sometimes erratic process, since the best clones are selected based on antigen-induced CD69 upregulation or IL-2 production in vitro, and TCR chains are polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-cloned into expression vectors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDoes Clostridium Perfringens Epsilon Toxin Mimic an Auto-Antigen Involved in Multiple Sclerosis?
Toxins (Basel)
January 2025
Unité des Toxines Bactériennes, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 2001 INSERM U1306, 75015 Paris, France.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated neurological disorder, characterized by progressive demyelination and neuronal cell loss in the central nervous system. Many possible causes of MS have been proposed, including genetic factors, environmental triggers, and infectious agents. Recently, epsilon toxin (ETX) has been incriminated in MS, based initially on the isolation of the bacteria from a MS patient, combined with an immunoreactivity to ETX.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimizing Microneutralization and IFN-γ ELISPOT Assays to Evaluate Mpox Immunity.
Vaccines (Basel)
December 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, Allergy and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA.
Background: Available assays to measure pox virus neutralizing antibody titers are laborious and take up to 5 days. In addition, assays to measure T cell responses require the use of specific antigens, which may not be the same for all pox viruses. This study reports the development of robust assays for the measurement of mpox-specific neutralizing antibodies and IFN-γ-producing T-cell responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical manifestations in Egyptian Pompe disease patients: Molecular variability and enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) outcomes.
Ital J Pediatr
January 2025
Pediatrics Department, Genetics Unit, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Background: Pompe disease is a rare genetic disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase. This condition leads to muscle weakness, respiratory problems, and heart abnormalities in affected individuals.
Methods: The aim of the study is to share our experience through cross sectional study of patients with infantile-onset Pompe disease (IOPD) with different genetic variations, resulting in diverse clinical presentations.
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