Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@pubfacts.com&api_key=b8daa3ad693db53b1410957c26c9a51b4908&a=1): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 176
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 176
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 250
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 1034
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3152
Function: GetPubMedArticleOutput_2016
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 575
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 489
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Platelets have important roles in hemostasis, but also actively participate in cancer metastasis and inflammatory processes. They are produced by large precursor cells, the megakaryocytes, residing mainly in the bone marrow. Clinically, elevated platelet counts and/or increased platelet to lymphocyte ratio are being explored as biomarkers of metastatic disease, and to predict survival or response to therapy in certain cancers. Multiple mechanisms have been put forward on how platelets promote hematogenous metastasis stemming mainly from murine experimental models. Research is now beginning to explore potential roles of megakaryocytes in solid cancer, myeloma, and lymphoma. Here, we review mechanisms on how platelets and megakaryocytes contribute to cancer progression and metastasis, but also discuss potential cancer suppressing functions mainly related to the regulation of vascular intratumor integrity. Recent developments in cancer immune checkpoint therapy are reviewed with a focus on potential roles of platelets. Moreover, we review studies exploring platelets for targeted drug delivery systems in cancer therapy.
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Source |
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtha.2024.12.016 | DOI Listing |
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