The aim of the current study was to investigate visual scan patterns for the self-face in infants with the ability to recognize themselves with a photograph. 24-month-old infants (N = 32) were presented with faces including the self-face in the upright or inverted orientation. We also measured infants' ability to recognize oneself in a mirror and with a photograph. Results showed that only in trials with the self-face was pupil dilation greater in the upright orientation than in the inverted orientation, and that eye movements and pupil dilation were not associated with self-recognition tasks. Our findings suggest that the processing of the self-face was processed in a manner similar to that of others, with longer and more fixations on eyes and nose, but infants allocated more attentional resources to processing upright self-face. Self-face processing in infancy may be independent of the understanding of the self beyond the here and now.
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Self-face processing in relation to self-referential tasks in 24-month-old infants: A study through eye movements and pupillometry measures.
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