Engineering immunity using metabolically active polymeric nanoparticles.

Immune system functions play crucial roles in both health and disease, and these functions are regulated by their metabolic programming. The field of immune engineering has emerged to develop therapeutic strategies, including polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), that can direct immune cell phenotype and function by directing immunometabolic changes. Precise control of bioenergetic processes may offer the opportunity to prevent undesired immune activity and improve disease-specific outcomes. In this review we discuss the role that polymeric NPs can play in shaping immunometabolism and subsequent immune system activity through particle-mediated delivery of metabolically active agents as either structural components or cargo.