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Botulinum toxin type A is a first line choice in the treatment of spastic muscle overactivity. However, targeting the muscles involved in the deformity with the appropriate dose as well as choosing the goal to achieve and predicting the expected results can be challenging. Diagnostic nerve block with anaesthetics rapidly and temporarily suppresses overactivity of the selected muscle allowing clinicians to identify the involved muscles and the potential improvement of botulinum toxin injections.

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Background: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of neuromuscular blockers, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), and inhaled pulmonary vasodilators (IV) for acute respiratory distress syndrome through a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: We searched Chinese and English databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, The Cochrane Library, PubMed, and EMbase, with no time restrictions. We conducted a network meta-analysis and reported the results according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.

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Examining PACU Nurse Knowledge and Confidence of Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs and Neuromuscular Blocking Reversal Agents.

J Perianesth Nurs

January 2025

Ellmer School of Nursing Mason and Joan Brock Virginia Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Virginia Beach, VA. Electronic address:

Purpose: neuromuscular blockade (NMB) remains a significant risk for patients after anesthesia. This study examines the confidence and knowledge of the use and side effects of NMB and associated reversal agents amongst postanesthesia care unit (PACU) nurses caring for the postanesthesia surgical population. Retrospective data on the incidence and demographics of patients who underwent general anesthesia with NMB were also examined.

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Objective: Rapid sequence intubation (RSI) involves the administration of induction agents and neuromuscular blockers before endotracheal intubation (ETI). However, RSI seems to be underutilized outside emergency departments (ED). We compared RSI adoption rates and ETI outcomes outside and within EDs and investigated whether RSI adoption affected ETI outcomes outside EDs.

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