Association of triglyceride glucose-body mass index and left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with IgA nephropathy: a retrospective study.

Introduction: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most prevalent forms of glomerulonephritis worldwide, particularly affecting 40-50% of the East Asian population. Cardiovascular mortality represents a leading cause of death in patients with IgAN. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) serves as a predictor of heart failure and cardiovascular mortality. Previous studies have indicated that Triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI), a surrogate marker for insulin resistance surrogates, correlated with the development of LVH. However, there is a lack of information available regarding the association between TyG-BMI and LVH in patients with IgAN. This study aims to explore the relationship between TyG-BMI and LVH in this population.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University recruiting inpatients with renal biopsy-confirmed IgAN who were over the age of 18 years. Left ventricular dimensions were assessed through echocardiography. Linear regression and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed using R language software and SPSS to investigate the association between TyG-BMI levels and LVH risk. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results: A total of 327 patients with IgAN were enrolled in this study. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was positively correlated with TyG-BMI index (corr. coefficient: 0.453, p < 0.001) and inversely correlated with eGFR (corr. coefficient: -0.392, p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, gender, smoking, alcohol use, hemoglobin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Scr, and urine output, advanced age and higher levels of hemoglobin and Scr were independently associated with increased TyG-BMI (p < 0.05). The odds ratios of the highest quartile of TyG-BMI compared with the lowest quartile were 8.39 (95%CI 1.66-42.39; p = 0.010).

Conclusions: Our findings indicated that the TyG-BMI level was positively correlated with LVMI. A high TyG-BMI level was independently associated with an increased risk of LVH in patients with IgAN. TyG-BMII demonstrated predictive ability for LVH in IgAN patients.