Synthesis and Characterization of Silver and Zinc Nanoparticles from Vitex altissima: Comparative Analysis of Anti-oxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-bacterial and Anti-biofilm Activities.

Metal nanoparticles have attained much popularity due to their low toxicity, economic feasibility, and eco-friendly nature. The present study focuses on the synthesis of silver and zinc nanoparticles from Vitex altissima leaf extract, further characterized by UV/Vis spectral analysis, Powder-XRD, FE-SEM, FTIR, TEM, DLS, and Zeta potential. Synthesized silver and zinc nanoparticles were screened for anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-biofilm activities. AgNPs exhibited moderate anti-oxidant activities compared to  ZnNPs which were studied  using DPPH and ABTS assays. The anti-inflammatory effect was assessed using membrane stabilization and human red blood cell methods. Furthermore, both nanoparticles AgNPs and ZnNPs exhibited antibiofilm activity against four MDR bacterial strains Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia and  Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Synthesized nanoparticles show anti-bacterial activity. Our data suggest that silver nanoparticles exhibited moderate activity compared to ZnNPs. These nanoparticles could act as potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory agents.