AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Background And Objectives: Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is generally associated with focal brain atrophy, but little knowledge exists on possible disease-related hypertrophy of brain structures. We hypothesized that repeated seizures or adaptive plasticity may lead to focal brain hypertrophy and aimed to investigate associated clinical correlates.
Methods: In this cohort study, we included patients with mTLE undergoing detailed epilepsy evaluations and matched healthy volunteers (HVs) from 2 tertiary centers (discovery and validation cohorts). We assessed areas of brain hypertrophy and their clinical correlates using whole-brain voxel-based or surface-based morphometry (VBM, SBM), subcortical volumetry, and shape analysis of T1-weighted MRI data by fitting linear models. We evaluated the functional implications of the findings on memory encoding using fMRI.
Results: We included 135 patients with mTLE with neuropathology-confirmed hippocampal sclerosis (77 left, 58 right; 82 women; mean age 37 ± 11 years) and 47 HVs (29 women, mean age 36 ± 11 years) in the discovery cohort. VBM detected increased gray matter volume of the contralateral amygdala in patients with both left ( = 8.7, < 0.001) and right ( = 7.9, < 0.001) mTLE. We confirmed the larger volume of the contralateral amygdala using volumetry (left mTLE 1.74 ± 0.16 mL vs HVs 1.64 ± 0.11, < 0.001; right mTLE 1.79 ± 0.18 mL vs HVs 1.70 ± 0.11, = 0.002) and shape analysis (left mTLE ≤ 0.005; right mTLE = 0.006). We validated the hypertrophy of the contralateral amygdala in the validation cohort (mTLE, n = 18, 1.91 ± 0.20 mL; HVs, n = 18, 1.75 ± 0.13; = 0.009). In left mTLE, contralateral amygdala hypertrophy was associated with poorer verbal memory and, in right mTLE, with more frequent focal-to-bilateral tonic-clonic seizures. A larger volume of the contralateral amygdala correlated with increased functional activation of the right parietal memory encoding network in a subgroup (44/135 patients with mTLE, 26/47 HVs) receiving fMRI.
Discussion: Unilateral mTLE due to hippocampal sclerosis is associated with hypertrophy of the contralateral amygdala. This may represent plasticity to compensate for verbal memory deficits or may be the consequence of seizure spread to the contralateral hemisphere.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000210182 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Brain Hypertrophy in Patients With Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy With Hippocampal Sclerosis and Its Clinical Correlates.
Neurology
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Background And Objectives: Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is generally associated with focal brain atrophy, but little knowledge exists on possible disease-related hypertrophy of brain structures. We hypothesized that repeated seizures or adaptive plasticity may lead to focal brain hypertrophy and aimed to investigate associated clinical correlates.
Methods: In this cohort study, we included patients with mTLE undergoing detailed epilepsy evaluations and matched healthy volunteers (HVs) from 2 tertiary centers (discovery and validation cohorts).
The cortical areas processing periodontal ligament nociception in mice.
J Oral Biosci
December 2024
Department of Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan; Division of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Research, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan. Electronic address:
Objectives: Toothaches are often poorly localized. Although periodontal pain is better localized, it can spread to other areas. Ultimately, the cerebral cortex processes nociception, with somatotopic organization possibly playing a role in localizing the origin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe interhemispheric amygdala-accumbens circuit encodes negative valence in mice.
Science
November 2024
School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
The structurally symmetric mammalian brain hemispheres are interconnected by commissural axons across the midline. However, the functions of interhemispheric connectivity remain largely unknown. We found that in mice, transection of the anterior commissure (AC), which connects the rostroventral forebrain, impaired avoidant behaviors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnatomy and connectivity of the Göttingen minipig subgenual cortex (Brodmann area 25 homologue).
Brain Struct Funct
November 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Background: The subgenual gyrus is a promising target for deep brain stimulation (DBS) against depression. However, to optimize this treatment modality, we need translational animal models.
Aim: To describe the anatomy and connectivity of the Göttingen minipig subgenual area (sgC).
Cortical and subcortical morphometric changes in patients with frontal focal cortical dysplasia type II.
Neuroradiology
September 2024
Department of Neuroradiology, Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey.
Purpose: This study investigates the morphometric changes in the brains of patients with frontal focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) Type II, distinguishing between right and left FCD, using voxel-based morphometry (VBM), surface-based morphometry (SBM), and subcortical shape analysis.
Methods: The study included 53 patients with frontal lobe FCD Type II (28 left-sided, 25 right-sided) and 66 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. VBM and SBM analyses were conducted using Computational Anatomy Toolbox 12.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!