State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
Published: December 2024
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Tension wood (TW), characterized by increased cambium cell proliferation and few vessels, is a classical model for the mechanical analysis of wood formation. In this study, we found higher superoxide anion (O2.-) levels in the cambium zone of poplar (Populus alba × P. glandulosa clone '84K') tension wood than in that of opposite wood during gravistimulation. Treatment with an O2.- activator (methyl viologen) resulted in tension-wood-like xylem tissue formation, and transgenic plants with reduced cambium O2.- levels presented an attenuated gravity response. Time-course detection of O2.- and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels revealed that auxin responses were enhanced following increases in O2.- levels, suggesting that IAA mediates tension wood induction downstream of O2.-. Rapid division but advanced programmed cell death (PCD) in cambium cells were detected in both gravistimulated and O2.- activator-treated plants. These findings suggest that high O2.- levels trigger downstream IAA signaling to promote cambium cell proliferation and induce tension wood formation.
Tension wood (TW), characterized by increased cambium cell proliferation and few vessels, is a classical model for the mechanical analysis of wood formation. In this study, we found higher superoxide anion (O2.-) levels in the cambium zone of poplar (Populus alba × P.
A key driver of obesity and diet-related illness globally has been the increased consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs). This paper aimed to identify the key actors, structures, incentives, and dynamics that characterize the global UPF system and have led to the dominance of UPFs in population diets. Based on a narrative review and using a systems thinking approach, we developed a causal loop diagram (CLD) of the global UPF system.
A two-dimensional volume of fluid (VOF) model was developed to simulate the deformation of the bubble, the end speed of bubble rise, the distance of bubble rise and the movement trajectory in different initial conditions of tannin-based foaming precursor resin. In this study, bubble rising and coalescence characteristics are connected with parameters of the resin, especially viscosity, surface tension, the initial radius and location of the bubble also matter. The result shows that rising velocity of the bubble decreased as the viscosity increased, and at the same time, the flow rate of the bubble was lower.
Objective: To review the most common types of primary and secondary headaches that are associated with Sjogren's disease (SjD).
Background: Sjogren's disease is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease that typically presents with xerophthalmia, xerostomia, and arthralgias. Sensory and motor neuropathies are commonly reported neurological complications with SjD.
CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China.
Both mistletoes and their hosts are challenged by increasing drought, highlighting the necessity of understanding their comparative hydraulic properties. The high transpiration of mistletoes requires efficient water transport, while high xylem tensions demand strong embolism resistance, representing a hydraulic paradox. This study, conducted across four environments with different aridity indices in Yunnan, China, examined the xylem traits of 119 mistletoe-host species pairs.
