Background: The association between glycemic control and short-, and long-term lung health remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between glucose control and overall lung health in a national cohort.
Methods: The analysis included 5610 subjects from NHANES 2007-2012. We assessed the correlation of glycemic status with respiratory symptoms (cough, sputum, wheeze, and exertional dyspnea), lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1-s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC)), and obstructive or restrictive lung disease (RLD). Furthermore, we determined all-cause mortality in patients with restrictive lung disease by linking data to the National Mortality Index records up to December 31, 2019.
Results: The study involved the examination of respiratory symptoms, pulmonary function tests, and mortality analyses encompassing 3714, 3916, and 173 subjects, respectively. Multifactorial regression analyses revealed that a 1% increase in blood glucose was associated with a reduction in effect sizes (β) for FVC and FEV1 by -1.66% (-2.47%, -0.86%) and -1.94% (-2.65%, -1.23%), respectively. This increase also exhibited correlations with an elevated risk of exertional dyspnoea, restrictive ventilation dysfunction, and all-cause mortality, presenting odds ratios (ORs) of 1.19 (1.06, 1.33), 1.22 (1.10, 1.36), and 1.61 (1.29, 2.01), respectively. Regarding glycemic control, patients with improved control demonstrated stronger associations with early lung damage, significantly correlating with reduced FVC (β -10.90%, [-14.45%, -7.36%]) and FEV1 (β -9.38%, [-12.90%, -5.87%]). Moreover, they experienced a notably higher risk of exertional dyspnoea (adjusted OR 2.09, [1.35- 3.24]), while the diabetic group with poorer glycemic control showed more significant connections with advanced lung damage. This group exhibited significant associations with an increased risk of restrictive ventilatory dysfunction (adjusted OR, 2.56, [1.70-3.86]) and all-cause mortality (hazard ratios [HRs] 2.65, [1.05-6.67]), all compared to the reference group with normal glycemic metabolism.
Conclusions: Elevated blood glucose exhibited an inverse correlation with both long-term and short-term lung health. A negative L-shaped relationship was observed between glycemic control and early lung injury, along with a linearly negative association concerning late-stage lung damage. Given the cross-sectional nature of this study, a longitudinal investigation is needed to validate our findings.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12890-024-03376-0 | DOI Listing |
BMC Pulm Med
December 2024
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
Med Clin (Barc)
December 2024
Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de La Princesa, Madrid, España.
Introduction: Smoking affects glycemic control in individuals with type1 diabetes (T1D); however, its impact in the era of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has not been thoroughly studied.
Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at two centers, involving 405 T1D patients treated with multiple daily insulin injections and using CGM. The patients were matched using propensity scores based on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.
J Hepatol
December 2024
Phase I Clinical Trial Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China. Electronic address:
Background And Aims: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) are key regulators of glucose and lipid metabolism. In the present study, we assessed the safety and efficacy of a novel GLP-1/FGF21 dual agonist HEC88473 for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple-ascending-dose phase 1b/2a trial.
J Control Release
December 2024
Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by insulin resistance and often worsened by obesity. Effective management involves the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) to assist with glycemic control and weight management. However, these drugs must be administered subcutaneously due to their low oral bioavailability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochem Pharmacol
December 2024
Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York 10091, USA.
One possible reason for failure in achieving optimal glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is that less attention has been paid to the brain, a fundamental player in glucose homeostasis, that consumes about 25% of total glucose utilization. In addition, animal and human studies indicate that nitric oxide (NO) is a critical player in glucose metabolism. NO synthesis from L-arginine is lower in patients with T2D, and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS)-derived NO bioavailability is lower in T2D.
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