Fasciolosis is a food-borne anthropozoonotic disease caused by Fasciola spp. that affects multiple hosts, including ruminants and humans. In vitro testing of anthelmintics is of interest to establish the drug's activity without the need for time-consuming and expensive in vivo assays. This study was set to establish a discriminatory dose (DD) by running a dose-titration in vitro experiment (egg hatch test, EHT) of albendazole sulfoxide (ABZ.SO) and nitroxynil (NTX) on eggs of a field strain of Fasciola hepatica. Eggs were recovered from adult parasites isolated from intact bovine livers obtained from a single farm in Paraná, Brazil (FhPar2022 strain) with no ABZ or NTX treatment history. Two hundred eggs were exposed to 18 and 14 concentrations of ABZ.SO and NTX, respectively, for 12h and incubated for 16 days. Egg development and integrity were determined every other day, establishing an index of morphological modification of the different phases. A concentration-dependent effect was observed for egg development in both compounds. ABZ.SO solutions prevent egg hatch, except for the two lowest concentrations. We observed no egg hatch at 6.250 to 100.0 μmol L for NTX. NTX had an inhibition concentration of 50% (IC) of 0.043 μmol L with a correlation coefficient of (R) 0.961. ABZ.SO had an IC of 0.00099 μmol L with a low R of 0.417. Morphological damage was also associated with the increasing concentration of both drugs. Moreover, it was noted that most eggs that reached the eye spot type could hatch, except at 0.39 and 3.12 μmol L of NTX. In ABZ.SO, hatching occurred only at 0.00038, 0.0007, and 0.0015 μmol L-1 concentrations. The obtained DDs of 0.043 μmol L for NTX and 0.00099 μmol L for ABZ.SO can be used to monitor efficacy in field isolates.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2024.108884 | DOI Listing |
Exp Parasitol
December 2024
Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Parasitology. Federal University of Paraná, UFPR. Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, 80.035-050. Electronic address:
Fasciolosis is a food-borne anthropozoonotic disease caused by Fasciola spp. that affects multiple hosts, including ruminants and humans. In vitro testing of anthelmintics is of interest to establish the drug's activity without the need for time-consuming and expensive in vivo assays.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Insect Physiol
December 2024
School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China. Electronic address:
Wolbachia, as a widely infected intracellular symbiotic bacterium in Arthropoda, is able to manipulate the reproduction of insect hosts for facilitating their own transmission. Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) is the most common phenotype that Wolbachia induced in insect hosts where they resulted in the failure of uninfected egg hatch when fertilized with the sperm derived from Wolbachia-infected males, suggesting that the sperm are modified by Wolbachia during spermatogenesis. Although the molecular mechanisms of CI are beginning to be understood, the effects of Wolbachia on the symbiotic relationship and the proper dynamics of spermatogenesis have not yet been fully investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl)
December 2024
Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology (PBS), Bydgoszcz, Poland.
The presented study explored the promising alternatives of in ovo injection with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (LP) and galactooligosaccharide (GOS) in the poultry industry. The study aimed to assess the effects of probiotic and prebiotic on various aspects of poultry production. The study involved 300 Ross broiler eggs, individually candled on Day 7 of embryonic development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnim Welf
November 2024
Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE.
The successful survival of crocodilian hatchlings is largely dependent upon nest care by females. Nonetheless, it is crucial to understand how environmental degradation affects nest site selection and parental behaviour in female crocodilians. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the relationship between anthropogenic disturbances and nesting behaviour in free-living broad-snouted caiman ().
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Biol
December 2024
Marine Biology & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, UK.
Environmental drivers such as salinity can impact the timing, and duration of developmental events in aquatic early life stages of crustaceans, including terrestrial crabs of the family Gecarcinidae. Low salinity delays larval development in land crabs, but nothing is known about its influence on the crucial late-stage encapsulated embryonic, or immediate post-hatch development. Therefore, we exposed fertilised late-stage embryos of the Christmas Island red crab (Gecarcoidea natalis) to differing salinities (100, 75, 50, or 25 % sea water) for 24 h during their spawning period and measured some key developmental and physiological traits.
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