AI Article Synopsis

  • CD21 B cells are a type of immune cell that show increased numbers in patients with rheumatic diseases, including common autoimmune conditions and autoinflammatory diseases like axial spondyloarthritis.
  • Researchers studied the B-cell receptor repertoire using next-generation sequencing to understand the origins and relationships of these CD21 B cells and their development into more mutated forms (like plasmablasts) in patients compared to healthy individuals.
  • The findings suggest that expanded CD27CD21 B cells in autoimmune and autoinflammatory patients may play a significant role in contributing to harmful immune responses associated with these diseases.

Article Abstract

B cells with low or absent expression of CD21 (CD21 B cells) gained attention due to their expansion in the peripheral blood of patients with immune-mediated, rheumatic diseases. This is not only observed in typical autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren's disease (SjD) but also in radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA), which is considered an autoinflammatory disease. To gain more insight into the origins of the heterogeneous CD21 B-cell population, and its relation to the plasmablast (PB) compartment, we profiled the B-cell-receptor (BCR) repertoire in CD27 and CD27 fractions of CD21 B cells and early PBs using next-generation sequencing. Populations were sorted from peripheral blood of healthy individuals, SjD patients, and r-axSpA patients (n = 10 for each group). In healthy individuals and both patient groups, our findings indicate that CD27CD21 B cells, which exhibit few mutations in their BCR, may develop into CD27CD21 B cells and PBs, both marked by considerably more mutations. Given the known expansion of circulating CD27CD21 B cells in SjD and r-axSpA patients and clonal relationships with both CD27CD21 B cells and early PBs, these cells might actively contribute to (pathological) immune responses in rheumatic diseases with autoimmune and/or autoinflammatory characteristics.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eji.202451398DOI Listing

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