An inflammatory prognostic scoring system to predict the risk for adults with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the value of the inflammatory prognostic score (IPS) system for predicting the risk of all-cause major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and cardiac-related MACEs in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: Overall, 1384 patients with ACS who underwent PCI between January 2016 and December 2018 were consecutively enrolled. Demographic characteristics and related laboratory results for 11 inflammatory markers were collected. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-COX regression, Kaplan- Meier, restricted cubic spline (RCS), receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC), time-dependent ROC, and Cox hazard proportional regression were applied to explore the values of individual and IPS parameters.

Results: Based on the LASSO analysis, albumin (ALB) and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) were included in the construction of the IPS system. A higher IPS was associated with a significantly worse long-term prognosis in the Kaplan-Meier analysis (log-rank p < 0.001). The Cox proportional hazards model demonstrated that the IPS was an independent risk factor for patients with ACS undergoing PCI. In addition, the IPS remained an independent prognosticator compared to the lowest tertiles. The time-dependent ROC showed satisfactory values for the long-term prognosis of different MACEs. Additionally, RCS showed a linear association with IPS, all-cause MACEs, and cardiac-related MACEs.

Conclusions: A higher IPS level was associated with an increased risk in patients with ACS undergoing PCI, suggesting that the IPS may be a useful method for risk stratification in the assessment of the long-term prognosis of ACS.