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Birch ( Ehrh.) Encroachment Alters Contribution of Plant Functional Groups to Ecosystem Carbon Cycling in a Rewetted Bog. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Rewetted bogs with high water levels and specific vegetation are important carbon sinks, but tree encroachment due to low water levels threatens this function, especially in the northern hemisphere.
  • - Two sites were studied: one with high water levels and mire vegetation (open site) and another with fluctuating water levels and dense birch trees (tree site), revealing significant differences in carbon dioxide exchange.
  • - The open site was a strong carbon sink, while the tree site had almost neutral carbon balance due to higher ecosystem respiration and reliance on birch for carbon uptake, indicating the importance of restoration for carbon accumulation.

Article Abstract

Rewetted bogs with high water levels (WL) and mire-specific vegetation are crucial carbon (C) sinks, but their function might be threatened by tree encroachment, a phenomenon widespread in the northern hemisphere that often coincides with low WL. This might impact C cycling both at the ecosystem and microform scale in multiple ways, but so far, data are lacking. We established two sites in the same former peat extraction area, one showing permanently high WL and mire-specific vegetation (open site, OS), while the other one has more fluctuating WL and a dense birch ( Ehrh.) population (tree site, TS). We measured the carbon dioxide (CO) exchange at ecosystem (eddy covariance) and plot scale (chamber measurements) for 1 year to clarify the differences between the sites and the impact of birch encroachment on the contribution of the different bog-specific microforms and the trees to the ecosystem's CO balance. Overall, the OS had a CO balance of -262.4 ± 7.8 g CO-C m year indicating CO uptake, while the TS was close to neutral (-28 ± 5.1 g CO-C m year). The smaller uptake at the TS was caused by higher (151%) ecosystem respiration, while gross primary production was 14% higher. However, the microform contributions to C uptake strongly differed: At the OS, both hummocks and hollows showed net uptake, while at the TS, most C (52%) was assimilated by the birches and the understory was a net CO source. This indicates a loss of peat C from the TS, while the successfully rewetted site was accumulating new peat. Accounting for plot-scale CH fluxes, both sites were a weak source of greenhouse gases, but a distinctly stronger C sink occurred at the OS. Our data show the possibility of increasing C removal from the atmosphere by full rewetting and the establishment of mire-specific vegetation.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655183PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70745DOI Listing

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