Readmission outcomes after acute coronary syndrome among patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Background And Aims: Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are associated with arterial thrombosis, including acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Prior studies have suggested similar in-hospital mortality among patients with MPN compared to those without. However, post-ACS outcomes have not been thoroughly evaluated.

Methods: Patients hospitalized for ACS with and without MPN from January 2014 to December 2020 were identified using the National Readmission Database (NRD). Primary outcome was 90- and 180-day cardiovascular (CV) readmissions. Secondary outcomes were 90- and 180-day arterial thrombosis (AT), heart failure (HF), bleeding, and all-cause readmission and index hospitalization death, bleeding and arterial thrombosis (including ischemic stroke and arterial thromboembolism). Propensity score matching was used to compare outcomes between patients with and without MPN.

Results: After PSM, 8667 patients with MPN were matched with 43,335 patients without MPN. MPN was associated with increased risk of 90- (HR 1.22, 95 % CI 1.13-1.32) and 180-day (HR 1.22, 95 % CI 1.12-1.32) readmissions. MPN was also associated with increased risk of 90- and 180-day AT, HF, bleeding, and all-cause readmissions. Among patients with MPN, MF was associated with increased risk of 90- (HR 1.36, 95 % CI 1.24-1.50) and 180- day (HR 1.34, 95 % CI 1.21-1.48) readmissions.

Conclusions: MPN was associated with increased risk of 90- and 180-day readmissions among patients hospitalized for ACS. Among patients with MPN, MF was associated with increased risk of 90- and 180-day CV readmissions. Further investigation is needed to improve post-ACS outcomes among patients with MPN.