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Candida albicans recovered from persistent candidemia exhibit enhanced virulence traits. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Catheter-related candidemia caused by Candida albicans is primarily due to the formation of biofilms on central venous catheters, leading to cells entering the bloodstream and spreading the infection.
  • A study examined C. albicans strains from patients with prolonged candidemia against those cleared early, revealing that persistent strains showed stronger adherence, biofilm formation, and virulence gene expression.
  • In experiments, these persistent strains demonstrated greater pathogenicity and immune evasion when tested in the model organism Galleria mellonella, confirming their increased virulence compared to non-persistent strains.

Article Abstract

Candida albicans catheter-related candidemia is largely driven by microbial adhesion and biofilm formation on central venous catheters. Cells that disperse from these biofilms can enter the bloodstream, spread to distant organs, and sustain the cycle of infection. In this study, we investigated the virulence potential of C. albicans isolates obtained from the blood of catheterized patients experiencing persistent candidemia, comparing them to isolates that were cleared from the bloodstream early in the infection. Our results show that isolates persisting in the bloodstream for four days or longer, despite antifungal treatment, exhibited enhanced adherence, filamentation, and biofilm formation in vitro, along with increased expression of key virulence-related genes. Notably, cells dispersed from second-generation biofilms formed by these persistent isolates displayed even more pronounced pathogenic characteristics, including improved immune evasion. Furthermore, in vivo experiments using Galleria mellonella revealed that persistent isolates were significantly more virulent than their non-persistent counterparts.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiae631DOI Listing

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