AI Article Synopsis

  • Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are a significant health issue for cancer patients, with this study exploring their prevalence and the types of resistance genes present.
  • Among 165 bacterial isolates from cancer patients, 57% were Enterobacteriaceae, and 46.8% of these were found to be carbapenem-resistant, with Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most common strain.
  • The majority of the CRE strains produced carbapenemase, with the blaNDM gene being the most frequently detected, marking the first identification of blaVIM in Enterobacteriaceae in Sri Lanka.

Article Abstract

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are an important cause of infections in cancer patients. The proportion of carbapenem resistance and the types of carbapenemase-encoding genes in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from cancer patients were determined in this study.

Methodology: Bacteria isolated from adult, in-ward cancer patients with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI), or urinary tract infections (UTI) were included in the study. Enterobacteriaceae were identified up to the species level by API® 20E test kits. Carbapenem resistance was defined as non-susceptibility to either imipenem or meropenem in the disc diffusion test. Major carbapenemase-encoding genes (blaKPC, blaNDM, blaOXA-48, blaIMP, and blaVIM) were detected by the GeneXpert® Carba-R real-time PCR instrument.

Results: Enterobacteriaceae comprised 57% (94/165) of the bacterial isolates. Carbapenem resistance among Enterobacteriaceae was 46.8% (44/94). Klebsiella pneumoniae (65.9%, 29/44) was the predominant CRE isolate followed by Escherichia coli (25%, 11/44). The majority of CRE isolates (72.7%, 32/44) had a meropenem MIC of ≥ 32 µg/mL. Carbapenemase-encoding genes were identified in 43 of the 44 CRE isolates. blaNDM was the most prevalent carbapenemase-encoding gene and was detected in 67.4% (29/43) of Enterobacteriaceae isolates. No isolate was positive for blaIMP. Sixteen (37.2%) isolates co-harbored more than one carbapenemase-encoding gene. Two Enterobacteriaceae isolates were found to harbor blaVIM.

Conclusions: Nearly all CRE isolated in this study were carbapenemase producers. This study documented the emergence of blaVIM harboring Enterobacteriaceae for the first time in Sri Lanka.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.19499DOI Listing

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